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Gideon Reviewed: The State of the Nation 40 Years Later
In the landmark case Gideon v. Wainwright , the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously concluded that states have a constitutional obligation under the Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments to provide counsel to indigent defendants in felony cases. Over the ensuing 40 years, the right to counsel has been consistently extended to any case that may result in a potential loss of liberty.
Despite this, only 22 states administer and fund all indigent defense services at the state level.
The remaining states rely either in part or entirely on local funding and/or court costs to fulfill their constitutional obligation. Local funding, which is primarily derived from property taxes, tends to constrict in inverse proportion to the demand for indigent defense services (i.e., a weakened local economy causes increases in unemployment, worker flight, demands for other county services, and crime), producing instability in funding and wide fluctuations in the quality of indigent defense, as described below:
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Technology Upgrade
A successful federal grant application by the Navajo County, Arizona Public Defender's Office.
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Management and Technology Solicitation
A successful federal grant application by the Navajo County, Arizona Public Defender.
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Juvenile Sentencing Project
A successful federal grant application by the Miami-Dade County, Florida Public Defender.
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Detention Alternatives Project
A successful federal grant application by the Nebraska Crime Commission.
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Enhanced Public Defender Training,1999
A successful federal grant application by the Illinois Office of the State Appellate Defender.
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Special Appeals Unit Program
A successful federal grant application by the Illinois Office of the State Appellate Defender.
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Statewide Public Defender Training, 2000
A successful federal grant application by the Illinois Office of the State Appellate Defender.
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Enhanced Public Defender Training
A successful federal grant application by the Illinois Office of the State Appellate Defender.
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Drug & Violent Crime Appeals Backlog Reduction Panel Project,1998
A successful federal grant application by the Illinois Office of the State Appellate Defender.
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Statewide Public Defender Training
A successful federal grant application for statewide public defender training by the Illinois Office of the State Appellate Defender.
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Violent Crimes Appeals Project
A successful federal grant application by the Illinois Office of the State Appellate Defender.
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Drug & Violent Crime Appeals Backlog Reduction Panel Project
A successful federal grant application by the Illinois Office of the State Appellate Defender.
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Scientific and Technical Issues
A successful federal grant application by the Office of the Public Defender, El Paso County, TX.
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Juvenile Legal Assistance for Ramsey County
A successful federal grant application from the Minnesota Board of Public Defense.
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Mental Health Court
A successful federal grant application by the District Court of Davidson County, TN.
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Spanish Speaking Investigator-Educator
A successful federal grant application by the Metropolitan Public Defender's office of Davidson County, TN.
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Drug and Violent Crime
A successful federal grant application by the Nebraska Crime Commission.
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Indigent Defense and the FY 1992 BJA Formula Grant Program
Annual NLADA report of the use of BJA Byrne formula grant funds for fiscal year 1992.
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Indigent Defense and the FY 1991 BJA Formula Grant Program
NLADA report on the fiscal year 1991 FJA Byrne formula grant program expenditures.
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